name | Amanita penetrans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | Tulloss, Kudzma, S. Russell, et al. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen provisorum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Missouri Penetrating Ringless Amanita" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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intro |
Olive text indicates a specimen that
has not been
thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details)
and marks other places in the text
where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is based on information and images from the collectors, molecular research of Dr. L. V. Kudzma and Stephen D. Russell, and other original research of R. E. Tulloss. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | 67 mm wide, broadly campanulate to convex, eventually concave, yellowish or ochraceous tan with pallid zone over inner ends of marginal striations, darker and browner over disc, becoming entirely brown with age and drying, shiny when moist, matte when dry, with pronounced umbo; context white, 6 mm thick at stipe, quite hard in umbo, ; margin non-appendiculate and striate (ca. 0.45R); universal veil absent. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamellae | free without decurrent line on stipe; white in mass and in side view, lacking staining or bruising reaction; lamellulae ??. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | 214 - 228 × 10 - 12 mm, pale grayish white or pale brown with pallid ground sometimes exposed, unchanging when cut or bruised, narrowing upward, with lower 108± - 150± mm inserted in substrate; context hollow or stuffed with cottony material, white; exannulate; universal veil as saccate persistent membranous volva, white, 52 - 63 × 20 - 23 mm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
odor/taste | Odor lacking. Taste not discernible. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
none recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus context | ...; vascular hyphae common. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
general context | double click in markup mode to edit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidia | ca. 55 × 14.5 μm, 4-sterigmate, arising from short uninflated, slightly inflated, or branched elements; clamps not observed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
partial veil | absent. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella edge tissue | sterile. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
anatomical figures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores | [20/1/1] (7.7-) 9.5 - 11.5 (-13.0) × (6.8-) 9.0 - 11.0 (-12.0) μm (L = 10.3 μm; W = 9.7 μm; Q = 1.04 - 1.11 (-1.13); Q = 1.07), hyaline, colorles, with walls thin or rarely up to 0.5 μm thick; apiculus sublateral; contents guttulate; color in deposit probably white or whitish. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology | Solitary. Missouri: In dark loam over rock and red clay in mixed hardwood-coniferous forest dominated by Quercus and Carya (commonly Q. stellata and C. glabra) with sparsely scattered Pinus echinata. New Jersey: With Quercus and Fagus grandifolia. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined | U.S.A.: MARYLAND—Harford Co. - Little Gunpowder Falls Tr. [39.4763° N/ 76.4083° W, 69 m], 8.viii.2018 Ryan Pridgeon s.n. [mushroomobsever #326535] (RET 858-5, nrITS & nrLSU fragments seq'd.). MISSOURI—Butler Co. - Poplar Bluff [36.7124° N/ 90.407° W, 98m], 9.vii.2015 John McDonough s.n. [mushroomobserver #209352] (RET 696-4, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). St. Louis County - Forest 44 Conservation Area [38.528° N/ 90.527° W, 191 m], 4.vii.2015 Patrick Henry s.n. [mushroomobserver #208825] (RET 698-3, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). NEW JERSEY—Hunterdon Co. - East Amwell, Sourland Mtns., Rileyville Rd., 9.vii.2014 Nina Burghardt s.n. [Tulloss 7-9-14-B] (RET 628-10, nrITS & nrLSU fragments seq'd.). Mercer Co. - Hopewell Twp., Ted Stiles Preserve [40.3294º N/ 74.8807º W, 127 m], 22.vii.2016 Liz Broderick s.n. [mushroomobserver #245131] (RET 739-9, nrLSU seq'd). Washington Crossing St. Pk. [40.307º N/ 74.8638º W, 57 m], 16.vii.2016 Igor Safanov s.n. [mushroomobserver #244455] (RET 753-6, nrITS & nrLSU seqd.) PENNSYLVANIA—Carbon Co. - Lehighton, just W of Ukrainian Homestead, 22.vii.1996 Joseph A. Lankalis s.n. (RET 323-9, nrITS & nrLSU fragments seq'd.). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
The spore measurements from RET 628-10 should be considered to be smaller than average because the specimen cam into my hands about a day after it was collected and, when collected, it was over mature. Amanita penetrans is one of the curious species of section Vaginatae that yield DNA with the unusual nrLSU 5' terminal motif TCTGACCTCAAATCA. Other members of the Vaginatae with this motif are listed on the techtab of this page: A. penetratrix. These taxa and others with the motif are mostly known from Australia and North America at present; however, we have sequenced material from India and Madagascar that appear both to belong to section Vaginatae and to have the unusual motif. This species was previously called "A. sp-MO5" in these pages. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs can be found here.
name | Amanita penetrans |
name status | nomen provisorum |
author | Tulloss, Kudzma, S. Russell et al. |
english name | "Missouri Penetrating Ringless Amanita" |
images | |
anatomical figures | |
photo |
John McDonough - (1-3) Poplar Bluff, Butler County,
Missouri, U.S.A. (RET 696-4)
[Note: Unedited images in their original
size can be viewed
here.] RET - (4) West Amwell, Sourland Mountains, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, U.S.A. |
historic plates | double click in markup mode to edit. |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.