name | Amanita calochroa |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | C. Simmons, T. Henkel & Bas |
english name | "Pakaraima Red Amanita" |
images | |
intro |
This description is based on the original description (2002). |
cap |
The cap of Amanita calochroa is 18 - 30 mm wide, at first hemispherical to convex with a smooth margin (in the button stage) and flattened center, later applanate with a strongly sulcate-striate margin (30 - 50% of the radius) and somewhat crenulate margin with a depressed center. The cap is densely covered with a bright red to orange-red volval layer that is powdery or appearing to have a covering of tiny hairs. |
gills |
The gills are free, subdistant, thickish, narrow, with even to eroded edges, white to pale cream. The short gills are truncate. |
stem |
The stem is 40 - 60 × 2.5 - 5 mm, slightly tapering upward, and white to pale yellow. The stem has a small bulbous base which sometimes has noticeably fibers (hyphae) on its base. The bulb is 3 - 7.5 mm wide, and the orange powdery volva forms a distinct zone on the upper part of the bulb. The stem is exannulate. |
spores |
The spores measure 6.3 - 7.8 (-8.4) × 5.5 - 7.8 µm and are globose to broadly ellipsoid, rarely ellipsoid and inamyloid. Clamps are absent at the bases of basidia. |
discussion |
Amanita calochroa originally described from the Pakaraima Mountains in western Guyana from mixed hardwood forests including species of Dicymbe. Dicymbe is a leguminous genus in the family Caesalpiniaceae. Therefore one might look for closest relatives among other taxa with leguminous hosts such as are found, for example, in Africa and Australia. To date this species is only known from the original collecting region. While the knowledge of Amanita bingensis (Beeli) R. Heim is incomplete, it bares some similarities to the present species. The authors of the present species point out that the Chilean species Amanita aurantiovelata Schalkw. & G. M. Jansen is similar to Amanita calochroa, however, the Chilean species has larger spores, abundant clamp connections, and larger fruit bodies with a different form to the volval remnants.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita calochroa | ||||||||
author | C. Simmons, T. Henkel & Bas. 2002. Persoonia 17(4): 574, fig. 4(a-e), pl. 6. | ||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||
english name | "Pakaraima Red Amanita" | ||||||||
synonyms |
double click in markup mode to edit. The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site. | ||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 374036 | ||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | BRG; isotype, L | ||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is derived from the protolog of the present species. | ||||||||
basidiospores | from protolog: [25/2/2] 6.3 - 7.8 (-8.4) × 5.5 - 7.8 μm, (Q = 1.0 - 1.20 (-1.40); Q = 1.06 - 1.19), colorless, smooth, with thin-walls, inamyloid, globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, rarely ellipsoid; apiculus rather narrow, but relatively prominent; contents usually as one "oil droplet"; color in deposit not recorded. | ||||||||
ecology | "Terrestrial, gregarious in litter mats accumulated in crooks of the trunks of Dicymbe corymbosa (Paluwayek) in riverine and adjacent slope forest dominated by D. corymbosa and D. altsonii (Edubayek) with Micrandra glabra (R. E. Schult.) R. E. Schult. (Euphorbaciaceae, Suruwayek), Moronobea Aubl. sp. (Guttiferae, Morombayek), and other mixed hardwoods on sand soils with thick organic matter accumulation on grey sands and exposed sandstone boulders and cliff faces. ...." | ||||||||
material examined | from protolog: GUYANA: POTARO-SIPARUNI REGION—Pakaraima Mtns., Upper Ireng R. watershed - 0.75-1.5 km downstream from Kurutuik Falls, forest ca. ridge tr. and slopes adjacent to river, 14.ii.1997 T. Henkel et al. s.n. (BRG, field notes only); ca. Sukabi R., 1-2 km upstream from confluence with Ireng R., 22.v.1998 T. Henkel & L. Williams TH6426 (holotype, BRG; isotype, L); Mt. Kukuinang, fringing forest around S edge of savannah, about 3 km SW from peaks, 25.v.1998 T. Henkel et al. TH6589 (paratype, BRG; paratype, L). | ||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||
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name | Amanita calochroa |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita calochroa |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.