name | Amanita floccosolivida |
name status | insufficiently known |
author | Beeli |
english name | "Dark-Tufted Volvella" |
intro | The following description is based on Beeli (1935). |
cap | The cap of Amanita floccosolivida is 60 - 70 mm wide, flattened-convex, with a prominent umbo, with soft flesh and a nonstriate margin. The cap is pale lilac-gray covered with small lilac-gray floccose scales that are easily removed. The flesh is white and reddens on exposure to air. |
gills | The gills are free, white, 9 mm wide, and pointed at the end of the stem. |
stem | Its stem is 60 - 70 × 8 - 9 mm, solid, ochraceous-purple, generally cylindric, and curved toward the base. The stem is easily detachable from the cap. The ring is superior, membranous, skirt-like, ample, white, covered on the bottom with mauve flocculents. The volva is membranous, brownish, smooth on exterior, floccose-mauve on the interior. The flesh is white and reddens on exposure to air. |
odor/taste | The taste is sweet. |
spores | The spores measure 5 × 3 µm in diameter and are ??. |
discussion |
The present species was originally described from the Republic of Congo in a forest of Gilbertiodendron. The totally elongating stem, membranous volva with an inside floccose layer, pink staining of the tissue, elongate spores, and the pallid color of the cap all suggest this species should be placed in section Amidella. Unfortunately Gilbert (1941) did not treat A. floccosolivida in his compendium of Amanita. As a consequence, there are no spore drawings to check against Beeli's reported spore size. Beeli's spore measurements are notoriously in error (too small). Especially with small-spored species, Beeli often reports a spore size 1 - 4 µm shorter in both dimensions than is found in recently gathered material. This observation should be taken into account in determining material otherwise macroscopically similar to A. floccosolivida. There is a small paper by Gilbert and Beeli that raises a question of whether this species is an Amanita at all. In this paper (see the "technical" tab for the present species), the authors say the spores are colored and thick-walled and not shaped like the spores of an Amanita. They go so far as to create the genus Volvella of which the present species is designated the type. The lectotype of A. floccosovolva should be reviewed before a final decision on whether or not this entity is an Amanita. In the meantime, I suggest that its status should be "insufficently known."—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita floccosolivida | ||||||||
author | [orig. as "flocosolivida"] Beeli. 1931. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 63: 103. | ||||||||
name status | insufficiently known | ||||||||
english name | "Dark-Tufted Volvella" | ||||||||
synonyms |
≡Volvella floccosolivida (Beeli) E.-J. Gilbert & Beeli in E.-J. Gilbert. 1941a. Notules Amanites suppl.: 3. [Type of new monotypic genus Volvella E.-J. Gilbert & Beeli. Gilbert says the spores are colored, have slightly thickened walls, and are not shaped like spores of Amanita.] The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site. | ||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 206348, 291988 | ||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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lectotypes | BR | ||||||||
lectotypifications | E.-J. Gilbert. 1941a. Notules Amanites suppl.: 3. | ||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is derived from the protolog of the present taxon, (Beeli 1935), and Gilbert (1941a). | ||||||||
pileus |
from protolog: 60 - 70 mm wide, pale gray-lilac, plano-convex, slightly umbonate; context soft, spongy, white, becoming reddish on exposure to air; margin smooth; universal veil as covering of brown-lilac flocculose material, rather easily removed. Beeli (1935): as above with these exceptions (per color plate): in cross-section with narrow slight depression in center of cap above central cylinder of stipe. | ||||||||
lamellae | from protolog: free, density not described, white, 9 mm wide; lamellulae not described. | ||||||||
stipe |
from protolog: 60 - 70 × 8 - 9 mm, purplish-ochraceous, cylindric, easily detached from pileus, flocculose, with base curved to one side; bulb lacking (per figure); context hollow, white, reddening; partial veil superior, membranous, ample, white above, with underside flocculose, mauve; universal veil limbate, membranous, with exterior surface smooth and brownish, with interior surface flocculose and mauve. Beeli (1935): as above with these exceptions (per color plate): in cross-section volva has no thickness except in its limbs which separate from the stipe at about 25% of stipe length from base. | ||||||||
odor/taste | from protolog: Odor not recorded. Taste sweet. | ||||||||
macrochemical tests |
none recorded. | ||||||||
pileipellis | from Beeli (1935): filamentous hyphae thin; "secreting" (oleiferous?) hyphae present. | ||||||||
pileus context | not described. | ||||||||
lamella trama | not described. | ||||||||
subhymenium | not described. | ||||||||
basidia | not described. | ||||||||
universal veil | not described. | ||||||||
stipe context | not described. | ||||||||
partial veil | not described. | ||||||||
lamella edge tissue | not described. | ||||||||
basidiospores |
from protolog: 5 × 3 μm, hyaline, smooth, ellipsoid. [Note: The present species was not treated in (Gilbert 1940 & 1941). No sporograph is generated.—ed.] Gilbert (1941a): no measurements provided, small, citrin or pale ochraceous, smooth, with wall rather thick, inamyloid, ellispoid, not like spores of Amanita; apiculus "strongly mucronate"; contents becoming sordid yellow or ochraceous in iodine solution; color in deposit not recorded. [Note: Gilbert strongly asserted his belief that the spores would be "citrin foncé ou ocracé pale." | ||||||||
ecology | from protolog: Scattered to abundant. On soil in Gilbertiodendron (=Macrolobiium) dewevrii forest. | ||||||||
material examined |
from protolog: CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF: PROV. EQUATEUR—Territoire Lisala - Binga [2°23'41" N/ 20°25'25" E, 361 m], Beeli (1935): CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF: PROV. EQUATEUR—Territoire Lisala - Binga [2°23'41" N/ 20°25'25" E, 361 m], Gilbert (1941a): CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF: PROV. EQUATEUR—Territoire Lisala - Binga [2°23'41" N/ 20°25'25" E, 361 m], | ||||||||
discussion |
Gilbert and Beeli (Gilbert 1941a) erected the genus Volvella to accommodate the present species. The protolog of the genus reads as follows:
"Carpophora volvata, pileata et stipitata, carne mutabili; pileus cornosulus, subumbonatus, margine laevi; cutis colorata, flocculibus coloratis obsita; stipes annulatus, subcorticatus, medullatus, sine bulbo; annulus distinctus, membranaceus, persistans; volva membranacea, apice dehiscens, sacculiformis, limbo libero, persistente; hymenophorum lamellatum; lamellae liberae, initio albae; sporae in cumulo ochroleucae (?), tunica haud amyloidea praeditae, leves, hyalinae, regulares, ambitu ellipticae, parvae." | ||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||
Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs can be found here.
name | Amanita floccosolivida |
bottom links |
[ Section Amidella page. ]
[ Amanita Studies home. ]
[ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita floccosolivida |
bottom links |
[ Section Amidella page. ]
[ Amanita Studies home. ]
[ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.