name | Amanita neoovoidea |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | Hongo |
english name | "East Asian Egg Amidella" |
images | |
cap |
Like many species of Amanita section Amidella, A. neoovoidea has more than one distinct volval layer. Below the firm, yellowish or tannish membranous layer (commonly left on the cap as a calyptra) is a powdery layer. The cap is 75 - 130+ mm wide, white or off-white becoming golden blonde in age, and hemispheric at first becoming planoconvex or depressed in age. The flesh is unchanging when cut or bruised. |
gills |
The gills are pale cream to white, sometimes with a faint rosy tint, free with a decurrent line on the upper stem, and up to 7 - 10 mm broad. Short gills are frequent and rounded attenuate. |
stem |
The stipe is 110 - 130 × 12 - 15 mm, white, becoming sordid on handling, and flocculose or floccose-squamulose. Its flesh is white. A white annulus is present and is apical to superior, floccose-subfelted, friable, and often disappearing. The base of the stem is often inserted rather deeply in the soil (sometimes radicating). The volva is saccate, membranous, and colored as on the cap or more orangish. The appearance of a bulb is due to the robustness of the volval sack. |
odor/taste |
The odor of this species is reportedly penetrating, but not unpleasant; and the taste is mild. |
spores |
The spores measure (5.8-) 6.8 - 9.8 (-12.0) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-7.5) µm and are amyloid and broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid (occasionally elongate, rarely cylindric). Clamps are not present at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
This species is edible and eaten in a variety of preparations in Japan (for example, as tempura or in soups). Because of this fact, reports that it contains the same kidney toxin as Amanita smithiana Bas (section Lepidella) may require reinvestigation. The type species of section Amidella, A. volvata (Peck) Lloyd, as well as other North American, European, and east Asian taxa (e.g., A. avellaneosquamosa (S. Imai) S. Imai and A. clarisquamosa (S. Imai) E.-J. Gilbert) of section Amidella, have flesh that will often turn pink when cut or bruised. Moreover, old wounds and powdery remnants of the volval often become brown or reddish brown in age in these species. Amanita neoovoidea lacks these two characters. A distinctive odor is also not commonly reported for taxa of the section. The species most similar to A. neoovoidea are A. ovoidea (Bull. : Fr.) Link and A. proxima Dumée. The species was originally described from Japan. It is also known from China and Nepal. Yang (1997) provides the most recent taxonomic description of this species.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita neoovoidea | ||||||||||||||||
author | Hongo. 1975. Mem. Fac. Liberal Arts Shiga Univ. 25: 57, fig. 50(1-4). | ||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||
english name | "East Asian Egg Amidella" | ||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 308572 | ||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | TNS per (Doi. 1991. Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. B 17(2): 50) | ||||||||||||||||
revisions |
Tulloss, Hongo and Bhandary. 1992. Mycotaxon 44: 235, figs. 1-4. Z. L. Yang. 1997. Biblioth. Mycol. 170: 130, figs. 108-110. | ||||||||||||||||
selected illustrations | Imazeki and Hongo. 1987. Color. Illus. Mushr. Japan 1: 127, pl. 31 (fig. 220). | ||||||||||||||||
intro |
Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been
thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text
where data is missing or uncertain. The following material not directly from the protolog of the present taxon or otherwise identified as the work of Dr. Z. L. Yang is based upon original research by R. E. Tulloss. NOTE: Spore measurements from papers by Z. L. Yang use his "Times New Roman" face for "Q" and "Q'"—respectively, " | ||||||||||||||||
basidiospores |
From Yang (1997): [135/5/4] (6.5-) 7.0 - 9.5 (-12.5) × 5.0 - 6.5 (-7.5) μm, ( From Tulloss et al. (1992): [238/11/9] (5.8-) 6.8 - 9.8 (-12.0) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-7.5) μm, (L = 6.9 - 8.9 (-9.8) μm; L' = 8.2 μm; W = 5.3 - 6.1 (-6.4) μm; W' = 5.7 μm; Q = (1.19-) 1.25 - 1.64 (-2.25); Q = (1.29-) 1.36 - 1.53; Q' = 1.43), hyaline, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, amyloid, occasionally adaxially flattened, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid to (occasionally) elongate or cylindric, occasionally pip-shaped; apiculus sublateral, small, truncate-conic to cylindric; contents guttulate to granular; white in deposit. | ||||||||||||||||
ecology |
Subgregarious to gregarious or "in troops." China: From 700 - 2600 m elev. In mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest with Pinus species and representatives of the Fagaceae Japan: In mixed forests of Pinus densiflora, Quercus serrata, etc. or in Pinus-Quercus forest or in Castanopsis cuspidata forest or in Quercus woods. Usually associated with members of the Fagaceae. Nepal: In forest comprising Symplocus pyrifolia, Castanopsis tribuloides, and Quercus glauca. Hongo and Yokoyama (1978) divided Japanese Agaricales into nine groups based on global geographic distribution. Amanita neoovoidea clearly belongs to the Southeast Asiatic group which includes fungi occurring “in evergreen, broad-leaved,...warm temperate forests” ranging from western and central Japan (up to the northern limit of the ranges of deciduous members of the Fagaceae) to “highlands of Southeast Asia (including the mountain sides of the Himalayas)....” In the protolog of A. neoovoidea, Hongo lists Japanese sites (besides those represented by paratypes): Ôsaka, Shiga, Mie, Ishikawa, Tokyo, Miyagi, and Akita. Among presumed mycorrhizal symbionts are listed “evergreen oaks, Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis), Castanopsis, Lithocarpus, etc.” | ||||||||||||||||
material examined |
from protolog: JAPAN: HONSHU—Ishikawa-ken - Suzu-shi, Ôtani, 10.x.1974 Y. Ikeda s.n. [Hongo 5244] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo). Mie-ken - Ise-shi, Ise-Jingô (Naikô), 28.vii.1967 Hongo 3430 (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo => TNS F-237227). Shiga-ken - Ôtsu-shi, Ishiyama-Senjô, 24.viii.1973 Y. Sugiyama s.n. [Hongo 4890] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo); Ôtsu-shi, Ishiyama-Terabe, 25.vii.1967 Hongo 3423 (holotype, in herb. T. Hongo => TNS F-237226), 24.viii.1973 Y. Sugiyama s.n. [T. Hongo 4890a & 4890b] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo, in 2 packets). from Tulloss et al. (1992): CHINA: SICHUAN—Neijiang (prefecture level) City - Weiyuan Co., Xinchang, 13.vii.1985 M. S. Yuan 1040 (HKAS 15868). JAPAN: HONSHU—Aichi-ken - Nagoya-shi, Meitô-ku, Makigaike-Ryokuchi, 7.ix.1975 T. Asai s.n. [Hongo 5392] (in herb. T. Hongo). Ishikawa-ken - Suzu-shi, Ôtani, 10.x.1974 Y. Ikeda s.n. [Hongo 5244] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo). Kyoto-fu - Uji-shi, Higashi-Kasadori, 13.viii.1982 T. Hongo 6387 (in herb. T. HONGO). Mie-ken - Ise-shi, Ise-Jingô (Naikô), 28.vii.1967 Hongo 3430 (paratype, TNS F-237227). Shiga-ken - Ôtsu-shi, Ishiyama-Senjô, 24.viii.1973 Y. Sugiyama s.n. [Hongo 4890] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo), 20.ix.1979 T. Hongo 5984 (in herb. T. Hongo); Ôtsu-shi, Nango-Imodani, 12.ix.1980 T. Hongo 6195 (in herb. T. Hongo); Ôtsu-shi, Ishiyama-Terabe, 25.vii.1967 Hongo 3423 (holotype, TNS F-237226), 24.viii.1973 Y. Sugiyama s.n. [Hongo 4890a & 4890b] (paratype, in herb. T. Hongo, in 2 packets). NEPAL: CENTRAL REGION—Bagmati Zone - Bhaktapur District, 10 km E of Bhaktapur City, Nala, 19.vii.1989 H. R. Bhandary s.n. (NHMTU; RET 355-2). from Yang (1997): CHINA: SICHUAN—Chengdu (prefecture level) City - Pujiang Co., Datang, 25.vi.1985 M. S. Yuan 1009 (HKAS 15841). Neijiang (prefecture level) City - Weiyuan Co., Xinchang, 13.vii.1985 M. S. Yuan 1040 (HKAS 15868). Panzhihua Prefecture - Miyi Co., Puwei, 29.vii.1986 M. S. Yuan 1213 (HKAS 18274). YUNNAN—Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture - Jianchuan Co., Zhongyang, 6.viii.1986 M. Zang 10631 (HKAS 17394). RET: CHINA: YUNNAN—Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture - Lufeng Co., unkn. loc., 4.viii.2002 market collector s.n. [D. Arora 02-71] (RET 357-1; SFSU), s.n. [D. Arora 02-72] (RET 359-1, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.), 5.viii.2002 market collector s.n. [D. Arora 02-79] (RET 357-10), 7.viii.2002 market collector s.n. [D. Arora 02-98] (RET 357-6; SFSU); Unkn. Co., unkn. loc. | ||||||||||||||||
discussion |
t.b.d. The Japanese name of this species is "shiro-tengutake" (Doi 1991). | ||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss, Z. L. Yang | ||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||
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Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.