name | Amanita longicuneus |
name status | nomen provisorum |
author | Tulloss, Kudzma & K. W. Hughes |
english name | "Long Wedge Ringless Amanita" |
images | |
intro |
This page is under
reconstruction. Elements removed from this page
(for the most part) have been placed on three new pages
representing these temporary codes:
Amanita
sp-longicuneus02,
A.
sp-longicuneus03, and
A.
sp-longicuneus04. The specimens of the Amanita sp-GSM05 are merged with A. longicuneus and the temporary code name "A. sp-GSM05" will be abandoned. |
cap | The cap of A. longicuneus is 44 - 68 mm wide, pale brown with dark brown over disc or gray with brownish cast and darker in the center. Old wounds become pallid ochraceous to brown. The shape is convex at first, then plano-convex, subumbonate to umbonate; with age, it may develop a somewhat depressed disk. The surface is tacky when moist and subshiny to shiny. The flesh is white to a very palely sordid white and sordid to concolorous with the cap just under the cap's skin; it may sometimes take on a faint pink flush on a newly cut surface, while older cut surfaces become rusty to sordid to pale brown. The cap's margin is striate to tuberculate-striate, and the striations occupy 40% to 60% of the cap's radius. Volval remnants are absent or sometimes are present as a large tough patch (at times with raised edges) that is whitish with rusty spots or eventually becomes completely orange-brown. |
gills | The gills are free to narrowly adnate, sometimes with a short (occasionally very short) decurrent line on the upper stipe. They are close to subcrowded to crowded, white to whitish to pale cream to cream in mass and white to watersoaked white in side view. They may sometimes grow together here and there or (occasionally) fork. The short gills are truncate to subtruncate to rounded truncate, rarely attenuate, of diverse lengths, plentiful, and unevenly distributed. |
stem | The ringless stem is 61 - 125 × 5 - 10 mm, white to off-white or dingy white, becoming pale brown to orange-brown to brown from handling, narrowing upward, flaring at apex (sometimes minimally), smooth to pruinose above, and minutely scurfy or with minute upward-pointing fibrillose scales below (with fibrils taking on brownish or sordid tinge). The stem flesh is white to off-white to very pale yellowish white to very pale orange-white, pale brown to brown when cut or bruised, sometimes with ochraceous spots, and sometimes faintly pinkish on newly cut surfaces. The stem is hollow to stuffed. The volva is sack-like, abruptly flaring, membranous, smooth, whitish, and 11.5 - 41 × 14.5± mm. It is more or less attached to the stem for about one-half to two-thirds (rarely one-quarter) of its height. Its proposed name relates to an unusually long and rather thin internal limb of the volva (at times nearly as long as the free part of the sack) arising where the volva is attached to the stem and eventually becoming appressed to either inner surface of the volva or to the stem. |
odor/taste | This species is both odorless and tasteless. |
spores | The spores measure (8.7-) 9.6 - 12.5 (-14.5) × (8.2-) 9.0 - 11.5 (-14.0) µm and are globose to subglobose (infrequently broadly ellipsoid) and inamylloid. No clamps are to be found at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
This entity is known from only Connecticut and
New Jersey, U.S.A., at the present time. It is
not a rare find in its fruiting season. The distinguishing character of this species (within its known range) is the form of the internal limb of the volva. When the fruiting body is cut in half lengthwise, the volval sac is seen to have two limbs. The outer limb covered the entire mushroom during its early development. The inner limb (which also completely encircles the stem), was between the stem and what became the free edges of the gills during development. In this species, the shape of the cross-sectioned inner limb is that of a very long and narrow wedge. On this site, the species has also been known under the names Amanita sp-GSM05 and A. sp-longicuneus01.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita longicuneus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | Tulloss, Kudzma & K. W. Hughes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen provisorum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Long Wedge Ringless Amanita" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
etymology | longus "long" + cuneus "wedge"; hence, "long wedge", because of the unusually tall limbus internus of the universal veil | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages.
These pages will eventually be made live, so try again later.
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intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each
entry field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is based molecular research of Dr. Linas Kudzma and other original research of R. E. Tulloss. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | 44 - 68 mm wide, deep gray-brown or ??, old wounds pallid ochraceous to brown, convex, then plano-convex, subumbonate to umbonate, with somewhat depressed disk in age, tacky, subshiny to shiny; context white to very pale sordid white, sordid to concolorous with pileus under pileipellis, sometimes taking on faint pink flush on newly cut surface, older cut surfaces rusty to sordid to pale brown, sometimes with watersoaked line above lamellae, 3 - 5 mm thick at stipe, thinning evenly for two thirds to three quarters of radius, then membranous to margin; margin striate to tuberculate-striate (0.4 - 0.6R), nonappendiculate; universal veil absent or sometimes as large patch, tough, whitish with rusty spots or eventually becoming completely orange-brown, detersile, at times with raised edges. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamellae | free to narrowly adnate, sometimes with short (occasionally very short) decurrent line on stipe apex, close to subcrowded to crowded, white to whitish to pale cream to cream in mass, white to watersoaked white in side view, 2 - 7 mm broad, occasionally forking and/or anastomosing; lamellulae truncate to subtruncate to rounded truncate, rarely attenuate, of diverse lengths, plentiful, unevenly distributed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | 61 - 125 × 5 - 10 mm, white to off-white or dingy white, becoming pale brown to orange-brown to brown from handling, narrowing upward, flaring at apex (sometimes minimally), smooth to pruinose above, minutely scurfy or with minute upward-pointing fibrillose scales below, with fibrils taking on brownish or sordid tinge, surface sometimes breaking up into recurved scales; context white to off-white to very pale yellowish white to very pale orange-white, pale brown to brown when cut or bruised, sometimes with ochraceous spots, sometimes faintly pinkish on newly cut surfaces, hollow to stuffed, always with some cottony white material in central cylinder (2 - 4.5 mm wide), sometimes brick colored in areas of larva damage near base of stipe, otherwise larva tunnels concolorous to ochraceous to fulvous; exannulate; universal veil as saccate, abruptly flaring volva, membranous, smooth, whitish, 11.5 - 41 × 14.5± mm, appressed to stipe for about one half to two thirds (rarely one quarter) of limb’s length, with limb < 1 mm thick at mid-height, with unusually long and rather thin limbus internus (at times nearly as long as free limb) arising at point of volval attachment to stipe and eventually becoming appressed to inner surface of volva or to stipe. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
odor/taste | Odorless and tastless. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
Spot test for tyrosinase (L-tyrosine) - quickly positive in stipe, lamellae, and universal veil (other tissues not tested). Test voucher: Tulloss 9-30-84-B. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella trama | bilateral; wcs = ? µm; ?; subhymenial base ?; filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae ? µm wide, ?; terminal, inflated cells ?; vascular hyphae 6.0 - 8.0 µm wide, ??. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidia | 38 - 55 × 12.6 - 15.8 µm, 4-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to ? × ? µm; clamps not observed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores | [40/2/2] (10.2-) 10.5 - 12.2 (-12.5) × (8.2-) 9.0 - 12.0 (-14.0) µm, (L = 11.2 - 11.4 µm; L’ = 11.3 µm; W = 10.5 - 10.6 µm; W’ = 10.6 µm; Q = (1.02-) 1.03 - 1.11 (-1.14); Q = 1.05 - 1.08; Q’ = 1.07), hyaline, colorless, thin-walled, inamyloid, globose to subglobose, rarely broadly ellipsoid, usually adaxially flattened; contents granular to mono- or multiguttulate, with additional small granules; apiculus sublateral to lateral, cylindric to broadly truncate-conic; white in deposit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology | Solitary to subgregarious. At 63 - 1190 m elev. Connecticut: In loam of Quercus-Fagus-Tsuga canadensis forest or in mixed deciduous woods. Louisana: In sandy soil, under Fagus grandifolia in mostly deciduous forest with some Cupressaceae sp. New Jersey: In Quercus-Pinus barrens sometimes including Nyssa sylvatica or in loam of Quercus-Fagus-Carya woods or in pure Quercus forest with little ground cover. New York: In forest with Betula, Fagus grandifolia, Acer, Fraxinus, and Tsuga canadensis or in mixed forest with Quercus prinus, Q. rubra & Castanea dentata dominating. North Carolina: In mixed hardwood forest. Pennsylvania: In Quercus-dominated forest with Carya and Acer. Tennessee: ??. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined | U.S.A.: CONNECTICUT—Litchfield Co. - Washington, Steep Rock Preserve, 41.6215° N/ 73.3247° W, 135 m, 24.vii.1992 Lynn Payer s.n. [Tulloss 7-24-92-F] (RET 066-7, nrITS seq'd.). Middlesex Co. - Devil’s Hopyard St. Pk. [41°28'32" N/ 72°20'25" W, 72 m], 24.viii.2007 Noel Rowe s.n. [RET 8-24-07-O] (RET 438-3, nrITS seq'd.). New London Co. - Colchester, Day Pond St. Pk. [41°33'25" N/ 72°25'06" W, 134 m], 25.ix.1999 COMA1999 foray participant s.n. [Tulloss 9-25-99-J] (RET 301-9). LOUISIANA—La Salle Parish - Kisatchie Nat. For., Hwy. 123 & Fish Crk., Little Crk. [31.7192º N/ 92.2943º W, 37 m], 2.xii.2017 Mary & R. E. Tulloss 12-2-17-A (RET 813-8, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). NEW JERSEY— Cape May Co. - Belleplain St. For., ca. Dennisville [39°11’22” N/ 74°51’12” W], 29.x.1983 M. A. King, N. & A. Macdonald & R. E. Tulloss [Tulloss 10-29-83-C] (RET 208-9). Hunterdon Co. - Lebanon Twp., Teetertown Ravine Nat. Pres., 13.viii.2017 Igor Safonov s.n. [mushroomobserver #287777] (RET 801-10, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). Mercer Co. - Hopewell Twp., off Carter Rd., woods behind AT&T/Lucent research labs [40°21’39” N/ 74°43’29” W, 63 m], 13.ix.1984 C. D. Hechtman & R. E. Tulloss [Tulloss 9-13-84-B] (RET 206-3), 14.ix.1984 C. D. Hechtman & R. E. Tulloss [Tulloss 9-14-84-A] (RET 237-7), [Tulloss 9-14-84-B] (RET 237-8). Monmouth Co. - Roosevelt, Valley Rd. bicycle path [40.2136° N/ 74.4719° W, 70-105 m], 5.ix.2004 R.E. Tulloss & Glenn Boyd 9-5-04-A (RET 379-9, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.), 13.viii.2014 Naomi Goldman & R. Resciniti s.n. (RET 629-6, nrITS seq'd.). Shark River Co. Pk. [40°12’18” N/ 74°05’44” W, 16 m], 30.ix.1984 members of “birthday foray” s.n. [Tulloss 9-30-84-H] (RET 235-2), [Tulloss 9-30-84-J] (RET 235-1), Perry Randise s.n. [Tulloss 9-30-84-G] (RET 235-3), Peter Wood s.n. [Tulloss 9-30-84-K] (RET 234-10), D. C. & R. E. Tulloss 9-30-84-A (RET 235-4), -B (RET 234-3), 28.viii.1985 R. E. Tulloss 8-28-85-A (RET 099-9), -E (RET 100-3), 13.ix.1998 NJMA foray participant s.n. [Tulloss 9-13-98-B] (RET ??), 13.ix.1998 R. E. Tulloss 9-13-98-C (RET ??); Morris Co. - Mendham, Meadowood Twp. Pk. [40.7923º N/ 74.6449º W, 242 m], 15.vii.2017 unkn. coll. s.n. (RET 801-9, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). NEW YORK—Cattaraugus Co. - Allegany St. Pk., Cold Spring, Mt. Tuscarora [42.0329° N/ 78.876° W, 640 m], 24.vi.2015 Garrett Taylor s.n. [mushroomobserver.org #208373] (RET 699-3, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). Oneida Co. - unkn. loc., 12.vii.2015 Eric Smith s.n. [mushroomobserver #209845] (RET 718-3, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). Richmond Co. (Staten Isl.) - High Rock Pk. [40.5856° N/ 74.1257° W, 62m], 11.ix.2018 Sigrid Jakob s.n. [Tulloss 9-12-18-B] (RET 841-6, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). Sullivan Co. - Catskills Pk., Mongaup Pond, 8.viii.2015 David Wasilewski s.n. (RET 706-9, nrITS seq'd.). Ulster Co. - NEMF2010, Walk 7, 24-25.ix.2010 Claude s.n. (RET 586-7, nrITS fragments seq'd.). NORTH CAROLINA—Macon Co. - Nantahala Nat. For., Standing Indian Campground, viii.2010 Jay Justice NC-AM-23 (RET 593-4). McDowell Co. - ca. Little Switzerland, Anderson Crk., 9-30-17-B Stacia Warwick s.n. [Tullos 9-30-17-B] (RET 796-5, nrITS seq'd.). PENNSYLVANIA—Luzerne Co. - Ricketts Glen State Forest [41.3036° N/ 76.2740° W, 400-600 m], 12.vii.2015 David Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #169769 (RET 642-5, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.); unkn. loc., 18.viii.2011 D. Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #74223 (RET 499-7, nrITS seq'd.). Sullivan Co. - Lake John [41.431° N/ 76.272° W, 700 m], 19.vii.2014 D. Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #170956] (RET 642-10, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). TENNESSEE—Sevier Co. - Great Smoky Mountains Nat. Pk., ca. Gatlinburg, Alum Cave trailhead [35°37'48” N/ 83°27'04” W, 1190 m], 13.vii.2004 M. Keirle s.n. [Tulloss 7-13-04-H] (RET 374-9, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
t.b.d. Genetic studies indicate that it is probable that RET has included collections of more than one genetically identifiable taxon under the present name. We are in the process of sorting this out. We hope to sequence the earliest collections placed in this grouping—those from 1984 and 1985. This taxon was called "Amanita sp. 28" in earlier correspondence, checklists, and keys of Tulloss. On this site, the species has also been known under the names Amanita sp-GSM05 and A. sp-longicuneus01. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss and C. Rodríguez Caycedo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs can be found here.
name | Amanita longicuneus |
name status | nomen provisorum |
author | Tulloss, Kudzma & K. W. Hughes |
english name | "Long Wedge Ringless Amanita" |
images | |
photo |
RET - (1) Shark River County Park, Monmouth County,
New Jersey, U.S.A. (2) Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Sevier County, Tennessee, U.S.A. (RET 374-9) Garrett Taylor - (3) Mount Tuscarora, Cold Spring, Allegany State Park, Cattaraugus County, New York, U.S.A. (RET 699-3) [Note: Original unedited images are to be found here.—ed.] David Wasilewski - (4) Ricketts Glen State Park, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. (RET 642-5) [Note: Original, unedited images are to be found here.—ed.] |
name | Amanita longicuneus |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita longicuneus |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.